Personality represents much of the longer term element that separates one virtual human from another. There are a lot of models of human personality that could be modelled within a virtual human, and as discussed in Mood, personality can set the nominal position within a model such as PAD space where a person departs from returns to after an emotion event.
Some common personality models are:
- 2 dimensions: Puică (2013) uses only two dimensions (Eysenck’s neuroticism and extraversion) but uses this to derive four temperament types: Sanguine, Choleric, Melancholic and Phlegmatic).
- 3 dimensions: McRorie (2012) uses a three-factor model (psychoticism, neuroticism and extraversion) based on Eysenck. Wilson (2000) also uses a 3-parameter personality model, based on three axes of Extroversion, Fear and Aggression (EFA space).
- 5 dimensions: Doce (2010) uses the Five Factor Model (openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism) and states that using an explicit personality model, based on well-established trait theories, such as the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality, provides a better tool to easily create coherent and different [artificial] personalities. This Five Factor model is also used by Pérez-Pinillos (2013) and Bogdanovych (2015) in developing their virtual agents.
- 9 dimensions/personality roles: The well-known Belbin (2012) model - Plant, Resource Investigator, Co-ordinator, Shaper, Monitor Evaluator, Team-worker, Implementer, Completer / Finisher, Specialist. Aguilar (2007) has used this with Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVAs) as part of Team Training exercises.
- 16 dimensions/traits: 16PF by Cattell (1970).
- Up to Mind
- On to Motivation